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- <text id=92TT2115>
- <title>
- Sep. 21, 1992: Pride of Ownership
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
- Sep. 21, 1992 Hollywood & Politics
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- DISPUTES, Page 43
- Pride of Ownership
- </hdr><body>
- <p>In a bid to regain the Kurile Islands, Japan dangles an economic
- lure, but Moscow is stymied by nationalists who cling to every
- last Soviet outpost
- </p>
- <p>By Edward W. Desmond/Kurilsk - With reporting by Yuri
- Zarakhovich/Moscow
- </p>
- <p> The main town on the Kurile island of Iturup might be any
- down-and-out frontier settlement in the former Soviet Union.
- Kurilsk's rutted streets run through neighborhoods of ramshackle
- houses with outdoor plumbing; the few shops offer only a sparse
- selection of goods at intimidating prices. The biggest employer,
- a crumbling fish-processing plant, is several weeks behind in
- paying wages. Vasily Sadovsky, Kurilsk's vice mayor, confirms
- the obvious: "Things have been getting worse here for 10 years.
- Nothing works, not even the streetlights. No one has the
- initiative to find new bulbs for them."
- </p>
- <p> Now many of the Russians living on the Kurile Islands are
- hoping for a future better than they ever dreamed. Their homes
- are on what Japan still calls its Northern Territories, a
- volcanic archipelago stretching 186 miles from Japan's northern
- border waters that was seized by the Soviets in the waning days
- of World War II. Tokyo wants those territories back, and part
- of Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa's strategy is to woo the
- 25,000 Russian residents with hints of the good life that would
- blossom under Japan's rule.
- </p>
- <p> Slowly the campaign is working: many islanders still balk
- at the notion of a return to Japanese sovereignty, but most
- agree that the holdouts are losing ground. Says a fisherman in
- Kurilsk: "We live in barbaric conditions, and our government
- will not help. Who would not agree to Japan's offer for a good
- sum of money?"
- </p>
- <p> The answer to that question lies in Moscow, where the
- Kurile issue has stirred political passions. One camp, led by
- the Russian Foreign Ministry, is willing to do business on
- Tokyo's terms: the islands returned in exchange for a formal
- peace treaty, never signed after World War II, and financial
- support for the comatose Russian economy. Opposed is an unruly
- chorus of nationalist politicians who threaten to overthrow
- President Boris Yeltsin if he surrenders any more of the
- "motherland." They are allied with conservative military men,
- still smarting from the "loss" of Eastern Europe, who fear that
- return of the islands will threaten the defense of the Russian
- Far East.
- </p>
- <p> Yeltsin feels caught in the middle. In recent months he
- has tried to encourage Tokyo by promising to withdraw most of
- the islands' 7,000-strong Russian garrison. His government has
- also floated a compromise in which Japan would get some of the
- islands, while Russia would keep the larger two of Kunashir and
- Iturup, where most Russians live. Tokyo has rejected the idea,
- and Yeltsin, fearful of risking the wrath of his Moscow rivals,
- has been unable to sweeten the deal further. Last week he
- canceled a trip to Tokyo rather than confront the issue.
- </p>
- <p> With the collapse of Soviet communism, the possibilities
- for diplomatic rapprochement might seem to be good, but that is
- misleading. Even though Moscow and Tokyo talk of settling the
- dispute in terms of "legitimacy and justice," control of the
- Kuriles turns more on issues of realpolitik. Says Mikhail
- Vysokov, director of the Sakhalin Center of Modern History:
- "Those with power have rights. When Russia had more power, it
- had more rights. Now Japan has more power."
- </p>
- <p> The Russians, however, have more people on the islands.
- Many of the civilians living there were attracted by the high
- salaries that the Soviet Union used to provide anyone willing
- to work in such remote places. Today those who came only for the
- money are bitterly disappointed, faced with sharp price
- increases and the cutoff of special supplementary pay. That has
- led many to welcome the notion of a return to Japanese control--and spawned fanciful dreams of compensation that some guess
- could reach $100,000 for any leave takers. Says a young mother
- who came with her husband on a work contract six years ago:
- "All my friends and I think that we should give up. The
- government cannot afford to provide its people a good life
- here."
- </p>
- <p> Nationalistic feelings are strongest among longtime
- residents like Sergei Kvasov, a fisherman whose father fought
- with the Red Army on the islands in 1945. Says he: "Among those
- who were born here, there are no thoughts of giving up. We will
- fight before quitting these islands." Russian military men
- insist that the Kuriles are a protective shield for Russian
- ports on the Sea of Okhotsk and for the nuclear-armed Soviet
- ballistic-missile submarines that loiter in the sheltered
- waters.
- </p>
- <p> Governor Valentin Fedorov, a staunch opponent of
- territorial transfer, argues that giving up the southern Kuriles
- makes no economic sense. It would, he says, deprive Russia of
- some of the best fisheries in the Pacific while opening the door
- for a deluge of Japanese investment that would "once again put
- us under the Japanese, only this time by peaceful means." For
- the moment, at least, the nays have it--but the maneuvering
- is far from over.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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